OREAS 680b

Ni–Cu–PGE Ore

OREAS 680b was prepared from a blend of PGE ores, high-grade nickel and copper ores, and barren gabbronorite. The principal PGE ore component was sourced from the Dishaba Mine within the Bushveld Complex, South Africa, while the primary nickel sulphide ore was sourced from the Cosmos Mine in Western Australia. The barren gabbronorite diluent was sourced from Black Hill Quarry, South Australia. Minor additions of UG2 Reef material and copper concentrate were incorporated to achieve the targeted PGE and Cu concentrations, respectively. OREAS 680b has been characterized using the following methods:

  • Full ICP-OES and ICP-MS elemental suites by 4-acid (HNO3-HF-HClO4-HCl) digestion
  • Sodium peroxide fusion or lithium borate fusion with full ICP-OES and ICP-MS suites
  • Au, Pt and Pd by lead collection fire assay with ICP-OES and ICP-MS
  • Au, Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh and Ru by nickel sulphide (NiS) collection fire assay with ICP-OES and ICP-MS

Certified values for applicable analytes are operationally defined for each method, with results under OREAS ISO 17034 scope of accreditation.

Analyte Certified Value 1SD Expanded Uncertainty Low Expanded Uncertainty High Method
Ni, Nickel (wt.%) 2.09 0.107 2.00 2.18 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Cu, Copper (wt.%) 0.894 0.022 0.868 0.919 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Au, Gold (ppb) 170 7.3 167 173 Pb Fire Assay
Pd, Palladium (ppb) 241 7 232 251 Pb Fire Assay
Pt, Platinum (ppb) 408 20 388 427 Pb Fire Assay
Au, Gold (ppb) 157 15.5 138 176 NiS Fire Assay
Ir, Iridium (ppb) 34.3 5.2 27.7 40.9 NiS Fire Assay
Pd, Palladium (ppb) 236 11 205 266 NiS Fire Assay
Pt, Platinum (ppb) 385 19 335 434 NiS Fire Assay
Rh, Rhodium (ppb) 51.0 2.3 45.5 56.5 NiS Fire Assay
Ru, Ruthenium (ppb) 104 8 86 122 NiS Fire Assay
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 5.22 0.149 5.07 5.36 Infrared Combustion
Al2O3, Aluminium(III) oxide (wt.%) 12.28 0.379 12.00 12.56 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
As, Arsenic (ppm) 86 4.5 80 92 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ba, Barium (ppm) 291 12 281 300 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Be, Beryllium (ppm) 1.43 0.24 1.26 1.60 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Bi, Bismuth (ppm) 15.2 1.23 14.1 16.4 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
CaO, Calcium oxide (wt.%) 7.52 0.218 7.33 7.72 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Cd, Cadmium (ppm) < 10.0 IND IND IND Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ce, Cerium (ppm) 39.6 2.22 37.5 41.7 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Co, Cobalt (ppm) 336 14 317 355 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Cr, Chromium (wt.%) 0.536 0.030 0.514 0.558 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Cs, Caesium (ppm) 5.29 0.282 4.93 5.66 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Dy, Dysprosium (ppm) 3.21 0.221 2.99 3.42 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Er, Erbium (ppm) 1.77 0.102 1.64 1.90 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Eu, Europium (ppm) 1.04 0.077 0.92 1.15 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Fe2O3, Iron(III) oxide (wt.%) 18.03 0.353 17.67 18.40 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ga, Gallium (ppm) 15.8 0.81 14.7 16.9 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Gd, Gadolinium (ppm) 3.83 0.302 3.56 4.10 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ho, Holmium (ppm) 0.63 0.07 0.57 0.68 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
In, Indium (ppm) 1.02 0.083 0.87 1.17 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
K2O, Potassium oxide (wt.%) 1.46 0.063 1.40 1.52 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
La, Lanthanum (ppm) 18.9 1.34 17.7 20.2 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Li, Lithium (ppm) 14.0 2.1 11.5 16.4 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Lu, Lutetium (ppm) 0.24 0.03 0.20 0.28 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
MgO, Magnesium oxide (wt.%) 6.69 0.217 6.54 6.85 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
MnO, Manganese oxide (wt.%) 0.149 0.006 0.144 0.154 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Mo, Molybdenum (ppm) 3.22 0.71 2.69 3.75 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Nb, Niobium (ppm) 6.45 0.66 5.41 7.49 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Nd, Neodymium (ppm) 20.9 1.04 19.7 22.1 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
P2O5, Phosphorus(V) oxide (wt.%) 0.230 0.019 0.205 0.255 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Pb, Lead (ppm) 103 7 94 111 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Pr, Praseodymium (ppm) 5.06 0.229 4.77 5.36 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Rb, Rubidium (ppm) 87 2.4 83 91 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 5.25 0.148 5.11 5.40 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Sb, Antimony (ppm) 1.55 0.146 1.23 1.86 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Sc, Scandium (ppm) 22.2 1.84 20.6 23.8 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Se, Selenium (ppm) < 20.0 IND IND IND Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
SiO2, Silicon dioxide (wt.%) 42.39 1.311 41.23 43.54 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Sm, Samarium (ppm) 4.22 0.182 3.98 4.45 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Sn, Tin (ppm) 6.25 1.36 4.67 7.84 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Sr, Strontium (ppm) 355 12 341 369 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Tb, Terbium (ppm) 0.56 0.022 0.52 0.59 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Th, Thorium (ppm) 8.91 0.714 8.00 9.83 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
TiO2, Titanium dioxide (wt.%) 0.875 0.024 0.853 0.897 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Tl, Thallium (ppm) 0.45 0.08 0.35 0.55 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Tm, Thulium (ppm) 0.26 0.025 0.23 0.30 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
U, Uranium (ppm) 1.99 0.172 1.75 2.22 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
V, Vanadium (ppm) 249 15 236 263 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
W, Tungsten (ppm) 2.78 0.51 2.23 3.34 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Y, Yttrium (ppm) 17.2 0.56 16.6 17.8 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Yb, Ytterbium (ppm) 1.65 0.116 1.50 1.80 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Zn, Zinc (ppm) 689 23 658 720 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Zr, Zirconium (ppm) 82 4.8 72 92 Borate / Peroxide Fusion ICP
Ag, Silver (ppm) 2.25 0.142 2.10 2.40 4-Acid Digestion
Al, Aluminium (wt.%) 6.55 0.198 6.34 6.76 4-Acid Digestion
As, Arsenic (ppm) 86 3.8 82 90 4-Acid Digestion
Ba, Barium (ppm) 288 14 276 299 4-Acid Digestion
Be, Beryllium (ppm) 1.29 0.083 1.21 1.36 4-Acid Digestion
Bi, Bismuth (ppm) 15.5 0.90 14.8 16.1 4-Acid Digestion
Ca, Calcium (wt.%) 5.42 0.148 5.29 5.56 4-Acid Digestion
Cd, Cadmium (ppm) 1.74 0.093 1.63 1.86 4-Acid Digestion
Ce, Cerium (ppm) 39.9 1.96 38.0 41.7 4-Acid Digestion
Co, Cobalt (ppm) 330 11 319 341 4-Acid Digestion
Cr, Chromium (wt.%) 0.379 0.054 0.343 0.416 4-Acid Digestion
Cs, Caesium (ppm) 5.41 0.388 5.09 5.74 4-Acid Digestion
Cu, Copper (wt.%) 0.873 0.022 0.852 0.894 4-Acid Digestion
Dy, Dysprosium (ppm) 3.28 0.128 3.04 3.52 4-Acid Digestion
Er, Erbium (ppm) 1.85 0.073 1.72 1.99 4-Acid Digestion
Eu, Europium (ppm) 1.08 0.081 0.98 1.18 4-Acid Digestion
Fe, Iron (wt.%) 12.49 0.303 12.21 12.77 4-Acid Digestion
Ga, Gallium (ppm) 15.7 0.97 14.7 16.6 4-Acid Digestion
Gd, Gadolinium (ppm) 3.90 0.197 3.53 4.27 4-Acid Digestion
Hf, Hafnium (ppm) 1.88 0.119 1.76 2.00 4-Acid Digestion
Ho, Holmium (ppm) 0.66 0.061 0.59 0.73 4-Acid Digestion
In, Indium (ppm) 1.01 0.069 0.96 1.07 4-Acid Digestion
K, Potassium (wt.%) 1.21 0.026 1.18 1.24 4-Acid Digestion
La, Lanthanum (ppm) 18.6 1.41 17.6 19.7 4-Acid Digestion
Li, Lithium (ppm) 14.0 1.03 13.1 14.9 4-Acid Digestion
Lu, Lutetium (ppm) 0.26 0.020 0.24 0.28 4-Acid Digestion
Mg, Magnesium (wt.%) 3.92 0.077 3.83 4.01 4-Acid Digestion
Mn, Manganese (wt.%) 0.113 0.004 0.110 0.116 4-Acid Digestion
Mo, Molybdenum (ppm) 3.04 0.147 2.88 3.21 4-Acid Digestion
Na, Sodium (wt.%) 1.29 0.043 1.25 1.32 4-Acid Digestion
Nb, Niobium (ppm) 6.97 0.415 6.58 7.37 4-Acid Digestion
Nd, Neodymium (ppm) 20.9 1.23 19.6 22.3 4-Acid Digestion
Ni, Nickel (wt.%) 2.05 0.034 2.00 2.10 4-Acid Digestion
P, Phosphorus (wt.%) 0.104 0.003 0.100 0.108 4-Acid Digestion
Pb, Lead (ppm) 103 5 99 107 4-Acid Digestion
Pr, Praseodymium (ppm) 5.07 0.302 4.82 5.33 4-Acid Digestion
Rb, Rubidium (ppm) 86 4.9 82 90 4-Acid Digestion
Re, Rhenium (ppm) 0.008 0.001 0.006 0.010 4-Acid Digestion
S, Sulphur (wt.%) 5.07 0.216 4.90 5.24 4-Acid Digestion
Sb, Antimony (ppm) 1.59 0.104 1.47 1.70 4-Acid Digestion
Sc, Scandium (ppm) 23.2 1.48 22.0 24.5 4-Acid Digestion
Se, Selenium (ppm) 12.5 1.3 11.3 13.6 4-Acid Digestion
Sm, Samarium (ppm) 4.38 0.296 3.99 4.78 4-Acid Digestion
Sn, Tin (ppm) 4.39 0.331 4.07 4.72 4-Acid Digestion
Sr, Strontium (ppm) 363 18 349 377 4-Acid Digestion
Ta, Tantalum (ppm) 0.51 0.06 0.46 0.56 4-Acid Digestion
Tb, Terbium (ppm) 0.57 0.046 0.53 0.61 4-Acid Digestion
Te, Tellurium (ppm) 2.15 0.23 1.94 2.36 4-Acid Digestion
Th, Thorium (ppm) 9.23 0.690 8.34 10.13 4-Acid Digestion
Ti, Titanium (wt.%) 0.523 0.022 0.503 0.542 4-Acid Digestion
Tl, Thallium (ppm) 0.44 0.027 0.41 0.47 4-Acid Digestion
Tm, Thulium (ppm) 0.26 0.04 0.22 0.31 4-Acid Digestion
U, Uranium (ppm) 1.93 0.131 1.75 2.11 4-Acid Digestion
V, Vanadium (ppm) 246 9 238 253 4-Acid Digestion
W, Tungsten (ppm) 2.81 0.206 2.58 3.04 4-Acid Digestion
Y, Yttrium (ppm) 16.7 1.27 15.8 17.6 4-Acid Digestion
Yb, Ytterbium (ppm) 1.71 0.121 1.60 1.82 4-Acid Digestion
Zn, Zinc (ppm) 691 24 672 710 4-Acid Digestion
Zr, Zirconium (ppm) 62 5.1 56 67 4-Acid Digestion
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